Streamlined subglacial bedform sensitivity to bed characteristics across the deglaciated Northern Hemisphere

Streamlined subglacial bedforms observed in deglaciated landscapes provide the opportunity to assess sensitivity of glacier dynamics bed characteristics across broader spatiotemporal scales than is possible for contemporary glacial systems. While many studies streamlined rely on manual mapping and qualitative (i.e., visual) assessment, we semi-automatically identify 11,628 sedimentary bedrock bedforms, created during following Last Glacial Maximum nine geologically topographically diverse sites Northern Hemisphere. Using this large dataset landforms associated morphometrics, empirically test importance terrain bedform morphology ice-flow behavior. A minimum length–width ratio threshold provides a constraint morphometrics needed develop. Similarities metric distribution regardless properties indicate that all types may support similar distributions warm-based ice flow conditions. Ice within valleys with easily erodible beds host most elongate yet widest range elongation surface relief. The presence these highly suggest high velocities occur valley settings despite spatially heterogeneous landform-generating processes. In contrast, lithified regions not constrained by topography scale 1–102 km contain density packing, low change relief elongation, indicating uniform organized interactions at ice–bed interface consistency velocity. Regardless genesis, find used interpret speed or persistence) topographic conditions km, while sensitive lithology. findings presented study analogues processes erosion deposition,